Martin Springer
October 2006

MPEG Standardisation Process

This is a summary of the process described on the MPEG website.

New Proposal (NP)

Published standards are the last stage of a long process that starts with the proposal of new work within a committee. These proposals of work (NP = New Proposal) are approved at Subcommittee and then at the Technical Committee level (SC29 and JTC1 respectively, in the case of MPEG). When the scope of new work has been sufficiently clarified, MPEG usually makes open requests for proposals.

Verification Model (VM)

Depending on the nature of the standard documents of different nature may be produced. For Audio and Video coding standards the first document that is produced is called a Verification Model (VM). In MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 this was called Simulation and Test Model, respectively. The VM describes, in some sort of programming language, the operation of the encoder and the decoder. The VM is used to carry out simulations to optimise the performance of the coding scheme.

Working Draft (WD)

When MPEG has reached sufficient confidence in the stability of the standard under development, a Working Draft (WD) is produced. This is already in the form of a standard but is kept internal to MPEG for revision.

Committee Draft (CD)

At the planned time the WD has become sufficiently solid and becomes Committee Draft (CD). It is then sent to National Bodies (NB) for ballot.

Final Committee Draft (FCD)

If the number of positive votes is above the quorum, the CD becomes Final Committee Draft (FCD) and is again submitted to NBs for the second ballot after a thorough review that may take into account the comments issued by NBs.

Final Draft International Standard (FDIS)

If the number of positive votes is above the quorum the FCD becomes Final Draft International Standard (FDIS). ISO will then hold a yes/no ballot with National Bodies where no technical changes are allowed.

International Standard (IS)

The document then becomes International Standard (IS).

Patent Policy

The ISO/IEC Information Technology Task Force (ITTF) pursues a Patent Policy. If a proposal is accepted on technical grounds, the originator shall ask any holder of such identified patent rights for a statement that the holder would be willing to negotiate worldwide licences under his rights with applicants throughout the world on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions. Such negotiations are left to the parties concerned and are performed outside ISO and/or IEC. A document shall not be published until the statements of the holders of all identified patent rights have been received, unless the council board concerned gives authorization.
Last modified: Tue Oct 24 22:27:40 CEST 2006